1.2 Make a copy of the spreadsheet. Open the Gantt chart Google Sheets template provided by Softr and select “Make a copy” from the “File” menu. You can now rename your file and select its location. Once you've done this, click on “Make a copy.”. 2.How to Add Chart Elements to a Gantt chart in Google Sheets Step 1: Click on a blank area of the chart. Use the cursor to click on a blank area on your chart. Make sure to click on a blank area in the chart. The border around the entire chart will become highlighted.Website: http://nathannagele.comTwitter: http://twitter.com/mrnageleThere are prettier, more complicated ways to make a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets, but thi... Learn how to build a basic or automated gantt chart in Google Sheets from scratch or with a free template. Follow the step-by-step tutorial and customize your chart with drag and drop features, colors, and formulas. Download a free Google Sheets gantt chart template from TeamGantt. There is one column for each week of the year, and so the Gantt chart will display an indication of whether or not each task occurs within a seven day period. Instructions: Enter the timeline start date in cell E4. Enter the tasks name in column A. Enter the start date for each task in column B. Mar 1, 2024 · Step #3: Create a stacked bar chart. Select the columns you wish to include in your Gantt chart. The Gantt chart range. Generate a stacked bar chart by going to Insert > Chart and selecting the stacked bar chart from the Chart type drop-down menu. Stacked bar chart in Google Sheets. Feb 16, 2024 · The potential for Gantt chart and Google Sheets integrations further enhances its utility by allowing users to connect their charts with other tools and software for streamlined project management. Step-by-Step Guide to Creating a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets Step 1: Set Up Your Spreadsheet. Begin by opening Google Sheets and creating a new ... Jun 22, 2021 · This tutorial demonstrates how to make a multi-color Gantt chart in Google Sheets. A multi-color Gantt chart will help you easily assess completed tasks, ongoing tasks, and upcoming tasks with their unique colors. By checking ongoing and upcoming tasks, you could assess how long a project will take to complete. Without addon, you can make three ... Use this Gantt chart Google Sheets template to manage a complex project, or to manage multiple projects simultaneously. It allows you to track phases, milestones, tasks, and subtasks, as well as the percentage of work completed for each. Plot task dependencies so you can see how delays will impact the schedule and milestone …A Gantt chart in Google Sheets is more accessible and accurate when planning and monitoring projects. How to structure your project in a Gantt Chart. Every project has 5 …IC-Basic-Gantt-Chart-Template_Google. Basic Gantt Chart. Basic Gantt Chart BLANK. -Disclaimer-. The current window is too small to properly display this sheet.Nov 2, 2022 · In the above GANTT_CHART function example in Google Sheets, B4:B is the start_date_range, C4:C is the end_date_range, 15/11/2021 is from, and 31/03/2022 is to, and E4:E is the status. Note:- You feel free to enter the from and to dates in any two cells and refer to them in the formula. Step 4: Insert a Chart From Sheets. However, the first way will take you much time in inputting text and data into the chart. So if you have already recorded the project data, you can (read this tutorial) to process your data in Google Sheets and make it suitable for creating a Gantt chart.When you get a Gantt chart in Google Sheets, go back to …Overview of how to set up a simple and clean project timeline tracker and gantt chart in Google Sheets. It's low maintenance and easy to use. Feel free to ch...Here are the steps to create a header for our Gantt chart template, Open a new Google Sheet by clicking here. Select the entire first row. Increase the height of the first row. Select the cells “ A1 ” to “ G1 ”. Click on the “ Merge Cells ” icon in the toolbar as shown below. Type “ Gantt Chart Template “.In the above GANTT_CHART function example in Google Sheets, B4:B is the start_date_range, C4:C is the end_date_range, 15/11/2021 is from, and 31/03/2022 is to, and E4:E is the status. Note:- You feel free to enter the from and to dates in any two cells and refer to them in the formula.‼️💰FREE💰‼️ English Practice Tests 2000 Questionshttps://whizbusters.teachable.com/p/english-vocabulary-practice-tests-free *****...Professionally Made Content and Beautifully Designed. Instant Download & 100% Customizable. Elevate your project management game with Template.net's Gantt Chart Templates for Google Sheets - where timelines become tangible and tasks align seamlessly. Streamline your workflow, visualize progress, and conquer deadlines with …These columns represent various data in your final Gantt chart. Open Google Sheets . Create five columns: enter Name in cell A1, Start Date in cell B1, End Date in cell C1, Start on Day in cell D1 ...The easiest way to create a Gantt chart in Google Sheets is with a stacked bar chart. We’ll show you 3 methods you can use to make: A basic Gantt chart, An …How to make a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets. Gantt chart is a simple instrument to create task sequences and track deadlines in project management. In this type of chart, titles, start and end dates, and …1. Start with a project management template. Google Sheets includes several templates for project management. You don’t have to use a template, of course, but it can give you a head start on ...Jun 7, 2022 · Download ITIL RACI Template with Gantt Chart — Google Sheets Jump-start your IT project with this ITIL RACI template with Gantt chart. This template is the perfect solution for information technology (IT) teams looking to standardize roles and responsibilities for IT service management (ITSM), change management (ITCM), incident management ... Dec 4, 2023 · Both Excel and Google Sheets can be used to make simple Gantt charts. The goal of creating a Gantt chart in Excel or Google Sheets is simply to visualize a data table. In most cases, fancy features, such as identifying bottlenecks, periods of wasted time, or task dependency complications, are not present. Learn how to make Gantt Chart in Google Sheets. Gantt Chart a bar chart that is used for illustrating the project process flow and timeline.Dec 7, 2022 · A Gantt chart is a type of chart that illustrates the breakdown of a project into its component tasks. Google Gantt charts illustrate the start, end, and duration of tasks within a project, as well as any dependencies a task may have. Google Gantt charts are rendered in the browser using SVG. Creating Gantt Chart using Google Sheets is very easy. You can follow the below steps to make a Gantt Chart in Google Spreadsheet: Create the Data required to Populate in the Gantt. Add Stacked Bar Chart using Task Name, Start Date, Days Completed and Days Pending Columns. The Format the Chart with Required Colors to …Gantt Template. Discussion. I create Gantt charts for project management and like the idea of using Sheets as a way to 'future-proof' them (I've used the Gantt apps that are no longer supported). I've created a few simple charts via Sheets, but I'm curious is anyone has a good template to begin with. It doesn't need to be super powerful just ...Aprende a hacer un diagrama de Gantt en Google Sheetsgantt, formato condicional en google sheets, *Para verlo detalladamente visita nuestro blog: ...Nov 2, 2022 · In the above GANTT_CHART function example in Google Sheets, B4:B is the start_date_range, C4:C is the end_date_range, 15/11/2021 is from, and 31/03/2022 is to, and E4:E is the status. Note:- You feel free to enter the from and to dates in any two cells and refer to them in the formula. This tutorial demonstrates how to make a multi-color Gantt chart in Google Sheets. A multi-color Gantt chart will help you easily assess completed tasks, ongoing tasks, and upcoming tasks with their unique colors. By checking ongoing and upcoming tasks, you could assess how long a project will take to complete. Without addon, you can …Feb 21, 2023 · Gantt chart template. At Kanbanchi we are all about making your life easier. If you don’t wanna follow the tutorial, here is the template of our final Gantt chart in Google Sheets. You can just open the link, make a copy of the spreadsheet, and start using the Gantt chart right away. Tutorial for creating Gantt charts using Google Sheets: Step 1 1. Add a resource. To turn plans made in Google Calendar into Gantt charts, you have to have a resource to schedule tasks for. If the resource already exists, you can skip this step. Resources can be anything you plan with: equipment, people or facilities. So make sure to add everything relevant to the available resource pool: yourself, your ... Learn how to create and customize Gantt charts in Google Sheets with step-by-step instructions and a free template. You can also add dependencies, …Feb 16, 2024 · The potential for Gantt chart and Google Sheets integrations further enhances its utility by allowing users to connect their charts with other tools and software for streamlined project management. Step-by-Step Guide to Creating a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets Step 1: Set Up Your Spreadsheet. Begin by opening Google Sheets and creating a new ... Select cells A26:D39 (the entire data table, including the headers).. Then go to Insert > Chart.The default chart may be a column chart. Ignore that. Instead, in the Chart Editor (sidebar) under Setup, choose Scatter Chart as the Chart Type.. If Google Sheets doesn't change significantly from when I created this, it will automatically assume the Event …Step 1: Open a New Spreadsheet. Search Google Sheets on the browser and click to create a new blank spreadsheet. Step 2: Input the Data of Project. On the new spreadsheet, you at least need to enter or paste the task names, start dates and finish dates for making a Gantt chart. These tasks would be listed in the order of occurrence …May 28, 2021 · First, go to the ‘Customize’ tab in the chart editor and expand the ‘Series’ group. Under Series section, choose ‘Start Day’ in the Apply to All series drop-down menu. After that, change the ‘Fill opacity’ to ‘0%’. This will render the blue bars transparent and thus making your bar chart look like a Gantt chart. Jan 20, 2024 · To highlight specific weekends in a Google Sheets calendar, please scroll up and see the instructions under the “Follow-up questions.” Highlight Weekends in a Gantt Chart Timescale. To highlight weekends in the taskbar area of a Gantt chart, you may need to match weekends in the timescale. The understanding about the DATES in GOOGLE SHEETS. SPECIFICATIONS OF THE GANTT CHART: The chart will comprise of the ACTIVITIES, PROGRESS OF THE ACTIVITY, PERSON , WHO HAS BEEN ASSIGNED THE ACTIVITY, ACTIVITY START DATE, DURATION, ACTIVITY END DATE and a few more. The following picture shows …Jun 22, 2021 · This tutorial demonstrates how to make a multi-color Gantt chart in Google Sheets. A multi-color Gantt chart will help you easily assess completed tasks, ongoing tasks, and upcoming tasks with their unique colors. By checking ongoing and upcoming tasks, you could assess how long a project will take to complete. Without addon, you can make three ... Step #3: Create a stacked bar chart. Select the columns you wish to include in your Gantt chart. The Gantt chart range. Generate a stacked bar chart by going to Insert > Chart and selecting the stacked bar chart from the Chart type drop-down menu. Stacked bar chart in Google Sheets.Learn how to create a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets to use as a simple and powerful project management tool. This video is a useful Google Sheets tutorial for project managers. You can...Creating an online Gantt chart template in Google Sheets is helpful when you make a Gantt chart for a business or team project. To create a Gantt chart template in google sheets: Open a new blank spreadsheet in your browser. Create a table by clicking Insert>Table and insert a heading. Next, you’ll need to enter a value for tasks, a start and ...Chart creation: Google Sheets allows for the creation of various types of charts, including bar charts and stacked bar charts, which can be customized and adapted to create a Gantt Chart. Setting up the Project Timeline. Before creating a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets, it is essential to define the project tasks and establish a timeline.From the Excel ribbon, select the INSERT tab. In the Charts section of the ribbon, drop down the Bar Chart selection menu. Then select Stacked Bar, which will insert a large blank white chart space onto your Excel worksheet (do not select 100% Stacked Bar). 3. Add the start dates of your tasks to the Gantt chart.A Gantt Chart can be used for various purposes. It may be used in business, research, healthcare, or even personal reasons. This tool has been in existence since 1917 when it was first created by Henry L. Gantt. From then on, it has been frequently used in project management, planning, proposal, transition plan, and a lot more. In nursing, it ...Look no further than Template.net 's Gantt Chart Template! With its visually intuitive approach to project scheduling, this resource makes it easy to coordinate tasks, track progress, and hit important deadlines. Download now to get a comprehensive solution for effective project management. Free Download Free Template. Free Google Sheets Gantt chart templates. When you create a new spreadsheet in Google Sheets, go to the Template gallery and choose one of the free templates provided by third parties, such as the one below from Smartsheet. This is a standard Gantt chart – just enter the details for your project (tasks, owners, deadlines etc) and then update ... Feb 9, 2024 · Making a Gantt chart in Google Sheets is easier than you might think! Essentially, it involves entering your project data, setting up a timeline, and then using a stacked bar graph to represent your tasks and their durations. After reading this article, you’ll be able to whip up a Gantt chart in no time to help you manage your projects with ease. Learn how to create a Gantt chart in Google Sheets using a stacked bar chart and customize it to look like a Gantt chart. Also, discover the advantages and disadvantages of using Google Sheets for …In the above GANTT_CHART function example in Google Sheets, B4:B is the start_date_range, C4:C is the end_date_range, 15/11/2021 is from, and 31/03/2022 is to, and E4:E is the status. Note:- You feel free to enter the from and to dates in any two cells and refer to them in the formula.By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can harness the power of Google Sheets to create a dynamic Gantt chart that serves as a visual roadmap for your project. Whether you’re managing a small team or executing a large-scale project, the Gantt chart in Google Sheets empowers you to plan, track, and coordinate tasks …1. Identify Who Will Execute Tasks. Like a Gantt chart, this timeline template uses a stacked bar graph to represent tasks and has different colors to identify each …Feb 9, 2024 · Making a Gantt chart in Google Sheets is easier than you might think! Essentially, it involves entering your project data, setting up a timeline, and then using a stacked bar graph to represent your tasks and their durations. After reading this article, you’ll be able to whip up a Gantt chart in no time to help you manage your projects with ease. Step 1: Set Up Your Spreadsheet. Begin by opening Google Sheets and creating a new spreadsheet. Title your spreadsheet to reflect the project you're …By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can harness the power of Google Sheets to create a dynamic Gantt chart that serves as a visual roadmap for your project. Whether you’re managing a small team or executing a large-scale project, the Gantt chart in Google Sheets empowers you to plan, track, and coordinate tasks …Feb 21, 2023 · Gantt chart template. At Kanbanchi we are all about making your life easier. If you don’t wanna follow the tutorial, here is the template of our final Gantt chart in Google Sheets. You can just open the link, make a copy of the spreadsheet, and start using the Gantt chart right away. Tutorial for creating Gantt charts using Google Sheets: Step 1 1. Identify Who Will Execute Tasks. Like a Gantt chart, this timeline template uses a stacked bar graph to represent tasks and has different colors to identify each …Learn how to make Gantt Chart in Google Sheets. Gantt Chart a bar chart that is used for illustrating the project process flow and timeline.Gantt Chart Template GANTT CHART TEMPLATE, PROJECT TITLE,COMPANY NAME PROJECT MANAGER,DATE PHASE ONE WBS NUMBER,TASK TITLE,TASK OWNER,START DATE,DUE DATE,DURATION,PCT ...Need Gantt Chart Help. Unsolved. Hello! Hoping to get some input on a Gantt chart I am working on in Sheets. The sheet works great, except when a task ends on a Friday, it adds 2 days to the End Date. Row 29 is a good example of this. The task has a duration of 2 days and should end on Friday, but instead, the dates count until Sunday.Dec 12, 2020 · Step 4: Customize the stacked bar chart to create your Gantt chart. Select Series from the Customize tab in the Chart Editor. Choose Start Date in the Apply to All series menu. Choose None under the Color option. There you have it, you’ve now created your Gantt chart with Google Sheets! You can now create timelines/Gantt charts with a few clicks in Google Sheets. For best results, first set up your data, and then create your timeline:Make a ...Learn how to build a project schedule and a calculation table to generate a Gantt chart in Google Sheets. Follow the easy steps to insert a stacked bar chart using …A Gantt chart works as a diagram with two axes – a vertical and a horizontal one. The vertical axis of the Gantt chart displays all the activities (tasks) to be completed, whereas the horizontal axis represents the time scale set for your project. Each activity is represented on the Gantt chart through a task bar, the position and width of ...A Gantt Chart can be used for various purposes. It may be used in business, research, healthcare, or even personal reasons. This tool has been in existence since 1917 when it was first created by Henry L. Gantt. From then on, it has been frequently used in project management, planning, proposal, transition plan, and a lot more. In nursing, it ...From the Excel ribbon, select the INSERT tab. In the Charts section of the ribbon, drop down the Bar Chart selection menu. Then select Stacked Bar, which will insert a large blank white chart space onto your Excel worksheet (do not select 100% Stacked Bar). 3. Add the start dates of your tasks to the Gantt chart.Explore the Printable Gantt Chart Template on Template.net. This user-friendly, free template is ready for easy editing, allowing you to create and customize Gantt charts for your projects. Visualize timelines, manage tasks effectively, and achieve project clarity. Simplify your project management without any cost.In TeamGantt, you can create unlimited gantt chart templates from the projects you build. Here are 2 easy ways to save a project as a template from Gantt view: Option 1: Click Menu > Save as Template. Option 2: Go to Menu > Project Settings, and click the Mark as Template toggle on. Gantt Charts stand as a powerful tool for tracking project timelines and tasks. I'm excited to guide you through the nuances of creating a Gantt Chart in Goo... Overview of how to set up a simple and clean project timeline tracker and gantt chart in Google Sheets. It's low maintenance and easy to use. Feel free to ch...Learn how to create and customize Gantt charts in Google Sheets with step-by-step instructions and a free template. You can also add dependencies, …Creating an online Gantt chart template in Google Sheets is helpful when you make a Gantt chart for a business or team project. To create a Gantt chart template in google sheets: Open a new blank spreadsheet in your browser. Create a table by clicking Insert>Table and insert a heading. Next, you’ll need to enter a value for tasks, a start and ...Google Sheets is perfect for managing project data, while Gantt charts track project progress in a simple, visual way. Many project managers rely on both tools. With these Gantt chart templates for Google Sheets, we’re bringing them together! It’s not hard to make a Gantt chart in Google Sheets from scratch.There is one column for each week of the year, and so the Gantt chart will display an indication of whether or not each task occurs within a seven day period. Instructions: Enter the timeline start date in cell E4. Enter the tasks name in column A. Enter the start date for each task in column B.Aprende a hacer un diagrama de Gantt en Google Sheetsgantt, formato condicional en google sheets, *Para verlo detalladamente visita nuestro blog: ...Learn how to create a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets to use as a simple and powerful project management tool. This video is a useful Google Sheets tutorial for project managers. You can...This video walks you through the creation and configuration of a gantt chart with Slick Gantt, covering dependencies, % of completion, task types and resourc...Step #3: Create a stacked bar chart. Select the columns you wish to include in your Gantt chart. The Gantt chart range. Generate a stacked bar chart by going to Insert > Chart and selecting the stacked bar chart from the Chart type drop-down menu. Stacked bar chart in Google Sheets.Mar 3, 2022 · Overview of how to set up a simple and clean project timeline tracker and gantt chart in Google Sheets. It's low maintenance and easy to use. Feel free to ch... Jan 20, 2024 · To highlight specific weekends in a Google Sheets calendar, please scroll up and see the instructions under the “Follow-up questions.” Highlight Weekends in a Gantt Chart Timescale. To highlight weekends in the taskbar area of a Gantt chart, you may need to match weekends in the timescale. Step #3: Create a stacked bar chart. Select the columns you wish to include in your Gantt chart. The Gantt chart range. Generate a stacked bar chart by going to Insert > Chart and selecting the stacked bar chart from the Chart type drop-down menu. Stacked bar chart in Google Sheets.How to make a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets. Gantt chart is a simple instrument to create task sequences and track deadlines in project management. In this type of chart, titles, start and end dates, and …Google Sheets. Another tool that can make a simple Gantt chart is Google Sheets, which is an online spreadsheet. The advantage of this tool over Microsoft Excel is that it’s collaborative. The simple Gantt chart lives online and there is only one document that is updated that everyone can view.I'm trying to create a Gantt chart in Google Sheets that will automatically color the cells corresponding to the start date and duration of the task. How can I do that? google-sheets; gantt-chart; Share. Improve this question. Follow edited Jul 11, 2019 at 1:51. Community ...Jan 10, 2023 · Set Up in Google Sheets. Open Google Sheets and go to the sheet where you want your Gantt chart. The first step is to build a table to keep track of the start and end dates for each task, which we will use to work out the start day and the duration of each task. 1. First, add the headers you need for the table: task, start date, end date, start ... Jun 22, 2020 · 16K. 866K views 3 years ago Spreadsheet Tips and Templates. Learn how to create a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets to use as a simple and powerful project management tool. This video is a... Nov 25, 2023 · Google Sheets is perfect for managing project data, while Gantt charts track project progress in a simple, visual way. Many project managers rely on both tools. With these Gantt chart templates for Google Sheets, we’re bringing them together! It’s not hard to make a Gantt chart in Google Sheets from scratch. Creating Gantt Charts in Google Sheets in 3 Steps Step 1: Select the data. First, let’s select the data for which we want to create the Gantt Chart. Fig 3: Select Data Step 2: Insert Chart. After selecting the data, click on Insert -> Chart. Fig 4: Insert Chart.Build a basic Gantt chart in Google Physicians with this easy-to-follow tutorial. We’ll cover jede step of the Gantt chart generating additionally add latest key to your Google project steuerung knowledge.👩💻. By the end of this article, you’ll learn: Whereby to insert a Gantt Chart from an extant Google spreadsheet
Gantt Template. Discussion. I create Gantt charts for project management and like the idea of using Sheets as a way to 'future-proof' them (I've used the Gantt apps that are no longer supported). I've created a few simple charts via Sheets, but I'm curious is anyone has a good template to begin with. It doesn't need to be super powerful just .... Kansas city miami
How to Make a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets. Gantt charts are a powerful tool for project management, allowing you to visualize your project‘s timeline, tasks, and progress. Google Sheets, a free, online spreadsheet tool, offers a convenient platform to create these charts.This guide will walk you through creating a Gantt chart in Google Sheets.Feb 6, 2019 · A Gantt chart is a timeline view of a project that tracks individual project tasks, dependencies, resources, and remaining work to better understand how a project is progressing, and if it is tracking on time. Gantt charts are composed of two separate axes: the vertical axis indicates amount of tasks, and the horizontal axis indicates time ... Download ITIL RACI Template with Gantt Chart — Google Sheets Jump-start your IT project with this ITIL RACI template with Gantt chart. This template is the perfect solution for information technology (IT) teams looking to standardize roles and responsibilities for IT service management (ITSM), change management (ITCM), incident …Download this Weekly Gantt Chart Template Design in Excel, Google Sheets Format. Easily Editable, Printable, Downloadable. Make your weekly project planning a breeze with our Weekly Gantt Chart Template. Available at Template.net, this tool helps you visualize tasks, deadlines, and durations to enable efficient scheduling.Great! Let’s move on to a real example of applying a date filter in a Gantt chart in Google Sheets. A Real Example of Applying Date Filter in Gantt Chart in Google Sheets. First, let’s take a look at a sample dataset that we will be using to create a Gantt chart. This would usually include the tasks, start dates, and end dates.1.2 Make a copy of the spreadsheet. Open the Gantt chart Google Sheets template provided by Softr and select “Make a copy” from the “File” menu. You can now rename your file and select its location. Once you've done this, click on “Make a copy.”. 2.Learn how to make a Gantt chart in Google Sheets with a free template and step-by-step instructions. A Gantt chart is a project management tool that helps you …Project Planning & Task Management: Create time charts resp. gantt schedules based on WBS in Google Spreadsheets. All project tasks will be summarized in one chart within your sheet. Free Gantt ChartGoogle Sheets is perfect for managing project data, while Gantt charts track project progress in a simple, visual way. Many project managers rely on both tools. With these Gantt chart templates for Google Sheets, we’re bringing them together! It’s not hard to make a Gantt chart in Google Sheets from scratch.In this video, we talk about what Gantt charts are and how they can be used in Google Sheets to track progress in a project. We start by giving a brief overv...Chart creation: Google Sheets allows for the creation of various types of charts, including bar charts and stacked bar charts, which can be customized and adapted to create a Gantt Chart. Setting up the Project Timeline. Before creating a Gantt Chart in Google Sheets, it is essential to define the project tasks and establish a timeline.This help content & information General Help Center experience. Search. Clear searchHow to create a Gantt chart in Google Sheets. To create a Gantt chart in Google Sheets, you need a table in which you list all the tasks of your project with the corresponding dates for the start and duration of the work package. It is important that the project start date is set as day 0 in order to calculate the relative start date correctly.Related Reading: Detailed Gantt Chart Google Sheets Guide + 2 Free Templates. Wrapping Up. The timeline Google Sheets function is the easiest way to create a timeline in Google Sheets. Unfortunately, it’s only available for Google Workspace users. But there are other ways to make timelines in Google Sheets.So I kind of understand how to use the Google Charts Google Chart by manually entering data as shown in the example, but I just can't figure out how to ingest data from Google Sheets. ... Pulling Google Sheets as data source for Google Gantt Chart. 2. google visualizations, add label to gantt chart. 2..